Acute Non-Invasive Ventilation FAQs

Introduction

The purpose of this leaflet is to inform you about NIV (Non-Invasive Ventilation) and why it is used. It may be beneficial for patients as well as their relatives, carers, and friends. This leaflet aims to answer all of your questions, but we encourage you to ask about anything else that you are unsure of, or concerned about.

What is Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV)?

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a machine that assists in breathing when there is a problem with breathing. The device does not breathe for you, but it provides gentle help with each breath. Non-invasive ventilation helps patients with acute or chronic respiratory failure inhale the oxygen they need and exhale carbon.

How does NIV help?

NIV machines deliver oxygen and air into your lungs using a tight mask. It does this with every
breath, blowing harder when you inhale and softer when you exhale. It blows between two
pressures when inhaling. This lets you breathe deeper while resting your respiratory muscles.

Why do I need NIV?

Chronic or acute lung disease can make breathing difficult and exhaust your respiratory
muscles. This can result in low oxygen levels and high blood carbon dioxide levels. NIV supports your breathing by relaxing your respiratory muscles and eliminating carbon dioxide.

How do you know if I need NIV?

Blood will be drawn from your wrist to perform an arterial blood gas (ABG) test. This method of
monitoring carbon dioxide levels is the most accurate. If carbon dioxide concentrations are
excessive, it may be decided that an NIV should be tried.

How is the treatment given?

NIV may feel strange or even uncomfortable at first, but most patients adjust quickly, and
because it helps in breathing, it frequently allows patients to relax and sleep. The nurses are well trained and will assist you at every stage of your therapy.

Preparing for the treatment

The nursing staff will place the breathing machine next to you. They will ensure that you are wearing the proper size mask. There are lots of different sizes and shapes of masks available. We try to find the one that suits the shape of your face and your doctors and nurses will help you to choose the mask that fits best your face.

Starting the treatment

The nurse will gently place the mask on your face (you can do this if you can). This will help you adjust to breathing with the machine.

Once you are comfortable, gentle straps will secure the mask around your head. The mask should fit snugly but comfortably around your nose, cheeks, and chin.

The team will adjust the pressure of the air flowing into your lungs until they are happy that the settings are correct.

How will I be monitored?

We will care for you in a designated NIV area within the hospital once you are on NIV. These
locations can be very busy and noisy due to various monitors and alarms.

We will measure your oxygen levels by placing a probe on your fingertip. A nurse will be with you for a short period of time to ensure that you are as comfortable as possible. We will check your blood pressure and heart rate every hour.

You will be looked after by a team of doctors, nurses, and physiotherapists who will be available to you if you have any concerns or queries.

Will I be able to eat and drink during NIV?

Yes, following the first few hours, you will be able to eat and drink normally and take regular breaks from the mask. The staff will assist you with this.

Are there alternative treatments I could have?

In many cases, NIV can minimize the need for a breathing tube and ventilator in the intensive
care unit. If things do not go as planned and the treatment fails to reduce your carbon dioxide levels, the team may refer you to the intensive care unit for a review.

Why does the machine’s alarm keep sounding?

This is usually due to too much air leaking from the sides of your mask. It is nothing to be
concerned about, and the staff will try to resolve the issue by refitting or adjusting the mask to make it more comfortable for you.

What if I need help?

You will be provided a call bell and the nursing staff will routinely check on you, so you will have
plenty of chance to discuss any concerns you are experiencing.

Get In Touch

Contact Information
We aim to provide the best possible service. Our staff will be happy to answer any of the questions you may have. If you have any suggestions or comments about your visit, please speak to a member of staff or the Patient Liaison Service (PALS).

PALS Chelsea & Westminster Hospital
02033156727
chelwest.cwpals@nhs.net

PALS West Middlesex Hospital
02083216261
chelwest.wmpals@nhs.net